Dialing code +994
ISO 2 code AZ
ISO 3 code AZE
Capital Baku
Main Language Azerbaijani
Currency Manat (AZN)
GDP $73.7 billion 74th
Population 8,303,512 91st

Geography

Continent Asia
Location Southwestern Asia bordering the Caspian Sea between Iran and Russia with a small European portion north of the Caucasus range
Land 86,600 km2 115th
Terrain Large flat Kur-Araz Ovaligi (Kura-Araks Lowland) (much of it below sea level) with Great Caucasus Mountains to the north Qarabag Yaylasi (Karabakh Upland) in west; Baku lies on Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) that juts into Caspian Sea
Climate Dry semiarid steppe
Natural Hazards Large flat Kur-Araz Ovaligi (Kura-Araks Lowland) (much of it below sea level) with Great Caucasus Mountains to the north Qarabag Yaylasi (Karabakh Upland) in west; Baku lies on Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) that juts into Caspian Sea
Note: Both the main area of the country and the Naxcivan exclave are landlocked

Neighbouring Countries

Armenia Georgia Iran Russia Turkey

History

Azerbaijan - a nation with a majority-Turkic and majority-Muslim population - was briefly independent from 1918 to 1920; it regained its independence after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Despite a 1994 cease-fire Azerbaijan has yet to resolve its conflict with Armenia over the Azerbaijani Nagorno-Karabakh region (largely Armenian populated). Azerbaijan has lost 16% of its territory and must support some 600 000 internally displaced persons as a result of the conflict. Corruption is ubiquitous and the government has been accused of authoritarianism. Although the poverty rate has been reduced in recent years the promise of widespread wealth from development of Azerbaijan's energy sector remains largely unfulfilled.
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Demographics

Life Expectancy 66.66 years 145th
Median Age 28.2 years 98th
Birth Rate 17.62 births/1,000 population 107th
Death Rate 8.3 births/1,000 population 96th
Sex Ratio 0.58 male(s)/female 195th
Literacy 98.8% 45th
Population

8.3 million

Transportation

Roadways 59141 km 73rd
Railways 2122 km 70th
Airports 35 109th
Waterways None km
Heliports 1 59th
Airports paved 2 79th

Economy

Currency Manat (AZN)
GDP $73.7 billion 74th
GDP per capita (PPP) $9000 97th