Dialing code +372
ISO 2 code EE
ISO 3 code EST
Capital Tallinn
Main Language Estonian
Currency Euro (EUR)
GDP $27.7 billion 107th
Population 1,291,170 154th

Geography

Continent Europe
Location Eastern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Finland between Latvia and Russia
Land 45,226 km2 134th
Terrain Marshy lowlands; flat in the north hilly in the south
Climate Maritime; wet moderate winters cool summers
Natural Hazards Marshy lowlands; flat in the north hilly in the south
Note: The mainland terrain is flat boggy and partly wooded; offshore lie more than 1 500 islands

Neighbouring Countries

Latvia Russia

History

After centuries of Danish Swedish German and Russian rule Estonia attained independence in 1918. Forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1940 - an action never recognized by the US - it regained its freedom in 1991 with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Since the last Russian troops left in 1994 Estonia has been free to promote economic and political ties with Western Europe. It joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004.
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Demographics

Life Expectancy 72.82 years 101st
Median Age 39.9 years 27th
Birth Rate 10.37 births/1,000 population 173rd
Death Rate 13.42 births/1,000 population 27th
Sex Ratio 0.49 male(s)/female 202nd
Literacy 99.8% 9th
Population

1.3 million

Transportation

Roadways 57016 km 76th
Railways 919 km 91st
Airports 19 132nd
Waterways 320 km 90th
Heliports 1 66th
Airports paved 1 202nd

Economy

Currency Euro (EUR)
GDP $27.7 billion 107th
GDP per capita (PPP) $21200 50th