Dialing code +502
ISO 2 code GT
ISO 3 code GTM
Capital Guatemala City
Main Language Spanish
Currency Quetzal (GTQ)
GDP $68.0 billion 78th
Population 13,550,440 68th

Geography

Continent North America
Location Central America bordering the North Pacific Ocean between El Salvador and Mexico and bordering the Gulf of Honduras (Caribbean Sea) between Honduras and Belize
Land 108,890 km2 107th
Terrain Mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau
Climate Tropical; hot humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands
Natural Hazards Mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau
Note: No natural harbors on west coast

Neighbouring Countries

Belize El Salvador Honduras Mexico

History

The Mayan civilization flourished in Guatemala and surrounding regions during the first millennium A.D. After almost three centuries as a Spanish colony Guatemala won its independence in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996 the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict which had left more than 100 000 people dead and had created by some estimates some 1 million refugees.
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Demographics

Life Expectancy 70.29 years 130th
Median Age 19.4 years 162nd
Birth Rate 27.98 births/1,000 population 51st
Death Rate 5.11 births/1,000 population 171st
Sex Ratio 0.86 male(s)/female 59th
Literacy 69.1% 161st
Population

13.6 million

Transportation

Roadways 14095 km 123rd
Railways 332 km 118th
Airports 374 20th
Waterways 990 km 64th
Heliports None
Airports paved 2 62nd

Economy

Currency Quetzal (GTQ)
GDP $68.0 billion 78th
GDP per capita (PPP) $5200 124th