Dialing code +350
ISO 2 code GI
ISO 3 code GIB
Capital Gibraltar
Main Language English
Currency Pound (GIP)
GDP $1.1 billion 186th
Population 27,884 220th

Geography

Continent Europe
Location Southwestern Europe bordering the Strait of Gibraltar which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean on the southern coast of Spain
Land 6 km2 239th
Terrain A narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar
Climate Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
Natural Hazards A narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar
Note: Strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea

Neighbouring Countries

Spain

History

Strategically important Gibraltar was reluctantly ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In a referendum held in 1967 Gibraltarians voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency. The subsequent granting of autonomy in 1969 by the UK led to Spain closing the border and severing all communication links. A series of talks were held by the UK and Spain between 1997 and 2002 on establishing temporary joint sovereignty over Gibraltar. In response to these talks the Gibraltar Government called a referendum in late 2002 in which the majority of citizens voted overwhelmingly against any sharing of sovereignty with Spain. Since the referendum tripartite talks on other issues have been held with Spain the UK and Gibraltar and in September 2006 a three-way agreement was signed. Spain agreed to remove restrictions on air movements to speed up customs procedures to implement international telephone dialing and to allow mobile roaming agreements. Britain agreed to pay increased pensions to Spaniards who had been employed in Gibraltar before the border closed. Spain will be allowed to open a cultural institute from which the Spanish flag will fly. A new noncolonial constitution came into effect in 2007 but the UK retains responsibility for defense foreign relations internal security and financial stability.
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Demographics

Life Expectancy 80.19 years 18th
Median Age 40.5 years 20th
Birth Rate 10.67 births/1,000 population 165th
Death Rate 9.56 births/1,000 population 67th
Sex Ratio 0.85 male(s)/female 61st
Literacy 80.0% 145th
Population

27884

Transportation

Roadways 29 km 202nd
Railways None km
Airports 1 199th
Waterways None km
Heliports None
Airports paved 1 183rd

Economy

Currency Pound (GIP)
GDP $1.1 billion 186th
GDP per capita (PPP) $38200 23rd