Dialing code +1
ISO 2 code CA
ISO 3 code CAN
Capital Ottawa
Main Language English
Currency Dollar (CAD)
GDP $1.3 trillion 12th
Population 33,679,000 36th

Geography

Continent North America
Location Northern North America bordering the North Atlantic Ocean on the east North Pacific Ocean on the west and the Arctic Ocean on the north north of the conterminous US
Land 9,984,670 km2 2nd
Terrain Mostly plains with mountains in west and lowlands in southeast
Climate Varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north
Natural Hazards Mostly plains with mountains in west and lowlands in southeast
Note: Second-largest country in world (after Russia); strategic location between Russia and US via north polar route; approximately 90% of the population is concentrated within 160 km of the US border

Neighbouring Countries

United States

History

A land of vast distances and rich natural resources Canada became a self-governing dominion in 1867 while retaining ties to the British crown. Economically and technologically the nation has developed in parallel with the US its neighbor to the south across an unfortified border. Canada faces the political challenges of meeting public demands for quality improvements in health care and education services as well as responding to separatist concerns in predominantly francophone Quebec. Canada also aims to develop its diverse energy resources while maintaining its commitment to the environment.
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Demographics

Life Expectancy 81.23 years 8th
Median Age 40.4 years 22nd
Birth Rate 10.28 births/1,000 population 177th
Death Rate 7.74 births/1,000 population 107th
Sex Ratio 0.78 male(s)/female 95th
Literacy 99.0% 27th
Population

33.7 million

Transportation

Roadways 1.0 million km 6th
Railways 46688 km 5th
Airports 1369 4th
Waterways 636 km 76th
Heliports 11 16th
Airports paved 16 5th

Economy

Currency Dollar (CAD)
GDP $1.3 trillion 12th
GDP per capita (PPP) $39300 19th