Dialing code +54
ISO 2 code AR
ISO 3 code ARG
Capital Buenos Aires
Main Language Argentinian Spanish
Currency Peso (ARS)
GDP $575.6 billion 22nd
Population 41,343,201 31st

Geography

Continent South America
Location Southern South America bordering the South Atlantic Ocean between Chile and Uruguay
Land 2,766,890 km2 8th
Terrain Rich plains of the Pampas in northern half flat to rolling plateau of Patagonia in south rugged Andes along western border
Climate Mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest
Natural Hazards Rich plains of the Pampas in northern half flat to rolling plateau of Patagonia in south rugged Andes along western border
Note: Second-largest country in South America (after Brazil); strategic location relative to sea lanes between the South Atlantic and the South Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan Beagle Channel Drake Passage); diverse geophysical landscapes range from tropical climates in the north to tundra in the far south; Cerro Aconcagua is the Western Hemisphere's tallest mountain while Laguna del Carbon is the lowest point in the Western Hemisphere

Neighbouring Countries

Bolivia Brazil Chile Paraguay Uruguay

History

In 1816 the United Provinces of the Rio Plata declared their independence from Spain. After Bolivia Paraguay and Uruguay went their separate ways the area that remained became Argentina. The country's population and culture were heavily shaped by immigrants from throughout Europe but most particularly Italy and Spain which provided the largest percentage of newcomers from 1860 to 1930. Up until about the mid-20th century much of Argentina's history was dominated by periods of internal political conflict between Federalists and Unitarians and between civilian and military factions. After World War II an era of Peronist populism and direct and indirect military interference in subsequent governments was followed by a military junta that took power in 1976. Democracy returned in 1983 after a failed bid to seize the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands by force and has persisted despite numerous challenges the most formidable of which was a severe economic crisis in 2001-02 that led to violent public protests and the resignation of several interim presidents.
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Demographics

Life Expectancy 76.56 years 57th
Median Age 30.0 years 80th
Birth Rate 17.94 births/1,000 population 105th
Death Rate 7.41 births/1,000 population 113th
Sex Ratio 0.7 male(s)/female 150th
Literacy 97.2% 68th
Population

41.3 million

Transportation

Roadways 231374 km 21st
Railways 31409 km 8th
Airports 1150 6th
Waterways 11000 km 11th
Heliports 1 63rd
Airports paved 4 34th

Economy

Currency Peso (ARS)
GDP $575.6 billion 22nd
GDP per capita (PPP) $14200 73rd